Main uses of calcium carbide
1.Making acetylene
Reaction principle:CaC2+2H2O→Ca(OH)2+CH≡CH↑
CaC2 can conduct electricity. The higher the purity, the easier it is to conduct electricity.
2.Other uses
(1)Acetylene produced by the reaction of calcium carbide with water can synthesize many organic compounds
For example: synthetic rubber, artificial resin, acetone, ketene, carbon black, etc; At the same time, acetylene oxygen flame is widely used in metal welding and cutting.
(2)When powdered calcium carbide is heated with nitrogen, it reacts to produce calcium cyanamide, that is, lime nitrogen. When heated, lime nitrogen reacts with salt to produce cyanide melt, which is used in gold mining and non-ferrous metal industry.
(3)Calcium carbide itself can be used as desulfurizer in iron and steel industry.
(4)Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is produced by calcium carbide method. Acetylene (C2H2) is generated by calcium carbide (CaC2) in water. Vinyl chloride monomer (ch2chcl) is synthesized from acetylene and hydrogen chloride (HCl), and then vinyl chloride is generated into polyvinyl chloride through polymerization reaction; Chemical reaction method.
3.Health hazards
Damage the skin, causing skin itching, inflammation, "bird's eye" ulcer, and melanoderma. Skin burns are characterized by long-term non healing of the wound and chronic ulcer. Exposed workers have less sweating, enamel damage, and an increased incidence rate of dental caries.
Explosion hazard: This product is flammable when wet.
4.Hazardous characteristics
It does not burn when dry, and can quickly produce highly flammable acetylene gas in case of water or moisture. When it reaches a certain concentration in the air, explosive disasters can occur. It can react violently with acids.
5.Industrial process
Electric furnace smelting method and oxygen heating method are generally used in industry. Electric furnace smelting method is to melt coke and calcium oxide (molecular formula Cao) in an electric furnace at about 2200 ℃ to produce calcium carbide (molecular formula CaC2). Oxygen heating method: that is, smelting CaC2 (calcium carbide) with oxygen enriched oxygen heating method in blast furnace, extracting carbon from limestone, high temperature and low pressure gas generator. This three furnace process technology enables CaC2 production to comprehensively utilize the waste heat and coal ash in the coal gasification process. After the coal ash is added and melted, CaC2 and ferrosilicon are generated (when purifying CaC2); High temperature and low pressure; The gas producer makes the production (generation) of gas natural. For each ton of 80% CaC2 smelted, about 168kg of pure carbon is extracted from limestone to produce 6000-2600 m3 of gas (CO is 55-95%) and about 4.5 tons of methanol can be produced. Oxygen enrichment not only improves the furnace temperature, but also improves the co quality of gas. Oxygen is particularly dual-use. The gas after the utilization of coal heat energy is used in coal chemical industry or clean power generation. This process is energy free CaC2 production and gas production.
6.Operation processing
Closed operation, ventilation. The operators have been specially trained and strictly abide by the operating procedures. It is recommended that operators wear self-priming filter dust masks, protective glasses, chemical protective clothing and rubber gloves. Avoid dust generation. Avoid contact with acids and alcohols. Pay particular attention to avoid contact with water. Handle with care to prevent package and container damage. Equipped with leakage emergency treatment equipment. Emptied containers may leave harmful substances.